Womb cancer

Womb cancer usually develops in the lining inside the womb. This is called endometrial cancer. Unexpected vaginal bleeding is the main warning sign, especially after menopause.

• Any vaginal bleeding after menopause must be investigated, even if it is light or happens only once.
• Bleeding between periods, noticeably changed periods or watery and bloody discharge may also require investigation.
• Most cases are found after menopause, but womb cancer can also occur at a younger age.
• Excess weight, prolonged exposure to oestrogen without enough progesterone and Lynch syndrome may increase risk.
• A transvaginal ultrasound often assesses the womb and its lining first. Tissue examination is needed for a definitive diagnosis.
• Surgery to remove the womb, fallopian tubes and usually the ovaries is often the first treatment for early disease.
• Some people also need radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy.
• Womb cancer found early is often very treatable, so do not delay seeking help for abnormal bleeding.