Sinusitis

Sinusitis is inflammation of the lining of the nose and sinuses. Acute inflammation usually follows a cold and is almost always caused by a virus. Most people recover without antibiotics.

• Typical symptoms are a blocked or runny nose, facial pressure or pain, reduced smell and thick nasal mucus.
• Yellow or green mucus does not prove bacteria are responsible and alone is not a reason for antibiotics.
• Symptoms often last two to three weeks. Temporary worsening in the first days may fit a viral infection.
• Saline rinsing, rest, fluids and suitable pain relief may help. Use clean or safely treated water for nasal rinsing.
• A decongestant nasal spray may briefly help, but prolonged use worsens blockage. Check suitability in pregnancy, high blood pressure and other conditions.
• Antibiotics usually offer little benefit for uncomplicated acute sinusitis and may cause side effects and resistance.
• Severe swelling around the eye, double vision, worsening vision, drowsiness, neck stiffness or a severe rapidly worsening headache need immediate assessment.
• Symptoms lasting longer than twelve weeks, frequent episodes or one-sided symptoms need investigation for chronic inflammation, allergy, polyps or a dental cause.