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Functional neurological disorder (FND)

In functional neurological disorder, certain brain networks do not work together properly for a short or longer period, causing real neurological symptoms such as weakness, tremor, walking problems or seizures. The symptoms are neither deliberately produced nor imagined. Diagnosis should preferably be based on recognisable positive clinical signs identified by an experienced professional, rather than only on normal scans or blood tests.

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  • FND is a recognised neurological condition in which control or processing within brain networks is disrupted. Symptoms are real, involuntary and can cause severe limitations.
  • Diagnosis is most reliable when based on positive clinical signs: observable patterns that fit FND. Simply saying that tests are normal is not enough.
  • Outcomes vary. An early clear explanation, an agreed treatment plan and treatment focused on the main limitations provide a better basis for recovery.
  • Recovery often does not follow a straight line. A temporary setback does not mean treatment has failed or all progress has been lost.
  • New sudden neurological symptoms need reassessment. Do not attribute them to FND yourself, especially with facial drooping, speech or vision problems or sudden weakness on one side.

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