A fall or blow to the head may cause only a bump, but can also cause concussion, a skull fracture or bleeding. Symptoms may become noticeable only hours later, and concussion does not require loss of consciousness. Repeated vomiting, increasing drowsiness, a seizure, loss of neurological function or unequal pupils requires immediate emergency care.
- Headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, blurred vision, tinnitus or sensitivity to light and sound.
- Confusion, memory loss around the accident, slower answers, concentration problems or not feeling like yourself.
- After a mild head injury has been assessed, have a reliable adult stay nearby and check for changes during the first day.
- Sleep is allowed if the person responds normally and there are no warning signs; follow any specific waking instructions from the doctor.
- Call the same day after a head injury with vomiting, persistent dizziness, memory loss, severe headache or worsening symptoms.
- For urgent GP care outside normal opening hours, call HAP 9252. Call Ambulance 912 only for an immediately life-threatening situation.
- Being unrousable, a seizure, repeated vomiting, increasing confusion, unequal pupils or new paralysis is an immediate emergency.
Article status
- Version
- 1.0
- Purpose
- General medical information
- Last updated
- Sources consulted
- 8
Have you found an error or unclear information? Give feedback on this article.
General information, not personal medical advice
This article has been carefully prepared but may contain errors or become outdated as medical knowledge changes. It does not replace diagnosis, examination or treatment by your own GP. Always discuss personal questions and starting, stopping or changing medicines or treatments with your own GP.
For a life-threatening situation, call Ambulance 912. For urgent care outside office hours, call HAP 9252.
Read the full disclaimerYour response
Two anonymous questions
Did you find what you were looking for?
Do you now have a clearer idea of your next step?
Share article
Search by type of care, organisation, name or district.
