Ambulance 912HAP 9252
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General health information

Type 1 diabetes

In type 1 diabetes, the body makes almost no insulin because of an autoimmune reaction. Daily insulin and glucose monitoring are essential for life. Severe low blood sugar or diabetic ketoacidosis can quickly become life-threatening and requires immediate help.

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  • Type 1 is an autoimmune disease and can develop at any age.
  • Insulin is needed every day; missing it can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis.
  • Glucose monitoring, carbohydrate estimation, activity and illness require a personal treatment plan.
  • Technology such as sensors and pumps can help, but requires training and a backup plan.
  • Severe low blood sugar and ketoacidosis are emergencies; give nothing by mouth to an unconscious person.

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Further reading

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Type 2 diabetesIn type 2 diabetes, the body responds less well to insulin and the pancreas may gradually become unable to make enough insulin. Lifestyle, medicines and checks of the heart, kidneys, eyes and feet are combined in a personal plan. The condition is not simply someone's own fault.
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SepsisSepsis is a life-threatening response to infection that causes organs to stop working properly. A person can deteriorate quickly. Confusion, severe breathlessness, ashen skin, little urine or difficulty waking requires immediate emergency care.
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Gestational diabetesGestational diabetes is high blood sugar diagnosed during pregnancy and usually causes no obvious symptoms. Nutrition, safe exercise, glucose monitoring and medicines if needed reduce risks for parent and baby. Monitoring remains necessary after birth because of an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.